Beatlemania Comes to Arkansas!

            

            One of my favorite memories from my time with the Arkansas Department of Parks, Heritage, and Tourism was leading a group of international tour guides and travel bloggers on a memorable tour of musical attractions in the Arkansas Delta back in 2017. We explored several interesting sites, including Dyess (Mississippi County), which is the boyhood home of the legendary Johnny Cash. We also stopped in Walnut Ridge (Lawrence County) to delve into the town’s fascinating connection to the most successful band in music history: The Beatles.

            In the chaotic atmosphere of Beatlemania in the fall of 1964, four of the most recognized figures on the planet—John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr—yearned for a moment of peace. Surrounded by deafening fans, overflowing stadiums, and relentless media attention, they craved a brief escape.

            Their destination turned out to be an unexpected sanctuary: Walnut Ridge.

            On the evening of September 18, 1964, a modest chartered plane touched down at the small Walnut Ridge Regional Airport. The Beatles had selected this secluded town in northeast Arkansas as a quiet landing spot before retreating to a dude ranch in Missouri for a weekend getaway.

            The airport was peaceful. No photographers, no journalists. Just a handful of staff and intrigued onlookers, none of whom anticipated witnessing the world’s most famous band disembarking a plane right in their town.

            However, in a small town, word spreads fast.

            Word had spread by the time the Beatles returned two days later, on Sunday, September 20

            By the time the Beatles returned two days later, on Sunday, September 20, word had spread. Dozens, then hundreds, of locals gathered at the airport, eager for a glimpse of the Fab Four as they prepared to board their plane back to New York.

            Though their stay lasted mere minutes, the Beatles' fleeting visit to Walnut Ridge created an unforgettable memory for the town.

            As George Harrison noted about their U.S. tours, “We always needed a break from the madness.” That weekend in Walnut Ridge offered them just that.

            Years rolled by, yet the memory of that surreal encounter stayed vivid. Eventually, the residents of Walnut Ridge felt it was time to commemorate their unexpected connection to Beatlemania.

             In 2011, the town proudly opened Beatles Park—a vibrant tribute featuring murals, artistic installations, and displays celebrating music history. Among the highlights is a life-sized metal sculpture of the Beatles crossing Abbey Road, now a popular spot near Main Street, attracting fans and curious travelers from across the country.

            Charles Snapp, the mayor of Walnut Ridge, has worked tirelessly to shine a light on the town’s unique historical ties to The Beatles. In 2018, he took significant steps to improve the Walnut Ridge Airport, ensuring it proudly showcases its Beatles connection. The airport, famous for being the landing site of the Beatles’ plane, now features a dedicated tribute area filled with memorabilia celebrating the band. This exhibit not only serves as a reminder of their brief visit, but has also become a beloved attraction for both residents and tourists alike.

            Under Snapp’s guidance, the town has woven Beatles references into its tourism initiatives and business promotions. The connection to the iconic band is prominently featured in the town’s official events and marketing materials, transforming Walnut Ridge's history with The Beatles into a source of local pride.

            Every September, Walnut Ridge holds the Beatles at the Ridge Festival, filled with live music, food trucks, a British car show, and tributes honoring the band's enduring influence on music and culture.

            For many towns, a fleeting moment of fame might be just a quirky footnote. However, for Walnut Ridge, the Beatles' brief visit evolved into a source of pride, unity, and timeless music.

            Perhaps it’s fitting, then. The Beatles were known for the unexpected—and so was Walnut Ridge.

Buc-ee's Comes to Benton!

                During the summer of 2016, my wife and I had the chance to visit her uncle and aunt, Tom and Cassie, who live just outside Houston. One of the highlights we were looking forward to was a day trip to Galveston. I was particularly excited to see the coastal city that I had always heard Glen Campbell sing about. On our way there, Uncle Tom mentioned he wanted to take us to a well-known convenience store and gas station called Buc-ee’s.

                I was all set for the beach and wasn’t thrilled about a quick stop at a convenience store. But as soon as we arrived in Texas City and pulled into the Buc-ee’s parking lot, I was completely blown away. I’ve never seen so many gas pumps and cars packed into one spot! Once we stepped inside, I was taken aback by what I found. People everywhere grabbed hot barbecue brisket sandwiches, snacks, drinks, and all sorts of random items—from nail clippers to bobbleheads of Buc-ee Beaver, the store’s mascot. Not only could you find Buc-ee’s stuffed animals and neck pillows, but the actual Buc-ee Beaver was also mingling and snapping photos with fans. Of course, I couldn’t resist joining in on the fun and getting my picture taken. Since discovering Buc-ee's, I’ve become a huge fan. My closet is filled with Buc-ee’s t-shirts and caps, and my desk is home to a variety of beaver-themed trinkets I’ve collected over the years.

                For anyone who may not know much about Buc-ee’s, let me share a little background about it. Founded in 1982 by Arch “Beaver” Aplin III and Don Wasek, the very first Buc-ee’s opened its doors in Clute, Texas, not far from Lake Jackson. The name "Buc-ee’s" is a fun mashup of Aplin’s childhood nickname, "Beaver," and his beloved Labrador Retriever, "Buck," along with a nod to the animated character Bucky Beaver from the classic Ipana toothpaste ads.

                What started as a humble gas station and convenience store began transforming in 2003 when Buc-ee’s launched its first travel center in Luling, Texas. From then on, the brand took off, expanding across Texas with larger stores offering various products. Their impressive 68,000-square-foot location in New Braunfels in 2012 put Buc-ee’s on the map.

                In 2019, Buc-ee’s set its sights outside Texas, opening its initial out-of-state store outside of Mobile, Alabama. Since then, it has continued to grow, opening locations in Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, Colorado, and beyond. Currently, Buc-ee’s operates 50 locations across nine states, with plans to unveil new stores in North Carolina, Virginia, Mississippi, Ohio, Louisiana, Arkansas, Arizona, Kansas, Wisconsin, and Oklahoma.

                Buc-ee’s stores are remarkable for their size, with some locations stretching over 75,000 square feet. The largest store, situated in Luling, Texas, opened its doors in June 2024 and boasts an impressive 120 gas pumps, employing around 200 team members. Renowned for their immaculately clean restrooms, Buc-ee’s earned the Cintas “America’s Best Restroom” award back in 2012. Beyond that, they tempt visitors with a delectable array of food, including freshly baked kolaches, fudge, and their signature Beaver Nuggets. The stores also offer a range of branded merchandise, from clothing and home decor to outdoor gear.

                Buc-ee’s has evolved into a cultural phenomenon, cherished in Texas and beyond. Their stores are popular pit stops for road trippers, thanks to the brand's unwavering dedication to cleanliness, exceptional customer service, and unique offerings. This has not only created a loyal following but also attracted significant media attention.

                Arkansas’s first Buc-ee's store is set to open its doors in September 2026, conveniently located off the Haskell (Saline County) exit of Interstate 30 on Arkansas 229, at the southern end of Benton. Additionally, another location is planned to open in West Memphis (Crittenden County) later that year.

                Wednesday, April 16, marked an exciting milestone with the groundbreaking of the Benton Buc-ee’s. It attracted a huge crowd, including our state’s governor, the mayor of Benton, and various other political and community leaders. Among those present was Arch Aplin, the founder of the company, whom I was able to meet and get a photo with.

                In a year and a half, I can't wait to bring our Texas uncle and aunt to the Natural State’s very first Buc-ee’s, a whole decade after our first experience with that legendary beaver.

The White River Monster

            

            Hidden amidst the twisting waterways of northeastern Arkansas lies a tale that has captivated the region for over a hundred years. Known locally as “Whitey,” this creature is more famously referred to as the White River Monster. Legend has it that this enigmatic being lurks beneath the murky waters of the White River close to Newport (Jackson County).

            Skeptics may dismiss the monster as mere myth, yet believers and the curious continue to flock to the story, hoping to spot the elusive entity woven into Arkansas’s cultural identity.

            The earliest recorded sighting dates back to 1915, when a plantation owner reported encountering a gigantic creature that stirred the river into a frenzy. However, it wasn’t until 1937 that the monster captured the public’s imagination.

            That summer, numerous witnesses claimed to have seen an unusual form in the water near Towhead Island. Descriptions varied, with many characterizing it as a gray, dinosaur-like being with a spiny back and a long snout. Some insisted it was as large as a car. Newport buzzed with excitement, and within days, the area swarmed with monster hunters and eager onlookers. Boats set sail, cameras were ready, and plans to capture the creature were tossed around.

            Though no one ever caught Whitey, the legend endures.

            For a time, the river was quiet. But in 1971, a woman named Tracy Bettis stirred the waters of curiosity once more. She reported an encounter that captured the public's imagination, describing a creature that emerged from the depths, boasting a broad body, a spiny back, and curious tusks protruding from its face.

            This fresh tale made headlines again—and sparked an unusual response from the Arkansas government.

            In 1973, the Arkansas General Assembly adopted Senate Resolution 23, introduced by Senator Bob Harvey, establishing the White River Monster Refuge along the White River. This refuge stretches from the southern point known as Old Grand Glaize to a northern point referred to as Rosie. According to this legislation, it is unlawful to harm the mysterious creature residing within the refuge.

            So, what exactly is this elusive being? Over the years, various theories have surfaced. Some speculate that the monster might be a sizable Gulf sturgeon, potentially reaching lengths of up to 15 feet and weighing several hundred pounds. Others suggest it could be an elephant seal that somehow found its way deep into the river—though that idea seems a bit far-fetched. Many believe it may simply be a case of misidentifying a log or other debris. The truth remains elusive, leaving open the possibility that it’s something beyond our understanding altogether.

            Skeptics point out the absence of tangible evidence, while enthusiasts of the cryptid community argue that the river's murky waters and deep pools provide an ideal refuge for an undiscovered creature.

            The most notable site for sightings of Whitey is Towhead Island, a small, wooded area along the river near Newport. Even now, some locals prefer to avoid fishing there, while others insist that they have glimpsed unusual ripples and eerie shadows just beneath the surface.

            You won’t stumble upon gimmicky tourist traps or shops, but there is a sign marking the territory where this legendary monster is rumored to roam, and you might find a local with captivating tales to share.

            Whether the White River Monster is merely a misidentified fish, a figment of collective imagination, or a genuine cryptid lurking beneath the waves, it remains an integral part of Arkansas folklore. For many, it's more than just a monster—it's a captivating enigma, a shared memory, and a representation of the peculiar allure that small towns and winding rivers possess.

Jones Bar-B-Q Diner

                Fortunately for barbecue connoisseurs such as myself, Arkansas is home to a fantastic array of barbecue restaurants. From the well-loved Dixie Pig in Blytheville (Mississippi County) to McClard’s Bar-B-Q in Hot Springs (Garland County), the Natural State offers an impressive selection that promises to satisfy any barbecue lover's cravings. Jones Bar-B-Q Diner in Marianna (Lee County) is among the most celebrated barbecue spots in Arkansas and nationwide. This remarkable diner isn't just known for its delicious smoked meats; it also boasts a rich history as one of the oldest black-owned restaurants in the United States, proudly serving mouthwatering smoked meats for over a hundred years.

                The diner’s story dates back to at least the early 1900s, with some accounts tracing its roots to the 1890s. Founded by the Jones family, it has been lovingly passed down through generations, keeping its promise of simple yet unforgettable barbecue. Today, James Jones proudly carries on that tradition, dishing out the same classic flavors that put the diner on the map in Arkansas and far beyond.

                Jones Bar-B-Q Diner chooses to keep things simple in a world of complex menus. The star of the show? Pulled pork sandwiches, served on two pieces of plain white Sunbeam bread with a tangy red vinegar-based sauce. The pork is slow-cooked over a wood fire, giving it a rich, smoky flavor that has diners returning time and again. This straightforward menu allows the quality and tradition of the barbecue to shine through.

                The building itself is simple as well. Diners find themselves in a cozy little room lined in cinderblock. The walls tell stories through old photographs, Arkansas memorabilia, and magazine and newspaper clippings. Originally, the restaurant was located in downtown Marianna and was named The Hole in the Wall. The restaurant moved to its current location in 1964 and took the name Jones Bar-B-Q Diner. 

                Jones Bar-B-Q Diner shot to national fame when it received the prestigious James Beard Foundation’s America’s Classics Award in 2012. This accolade honors small, regional restaurants that truly embody the spirit of their communities, solidifying the diner’s reputation as a must-visit destination for barbecue aficionados from coast to coast. Many people in the culinary world view the Beard award as one of the most prestigious accolades a chef or restaurant can receive. In 2017, the restaurant was among the first inducted into the Department of Arkansas Heritage’s Arkansas Food Hall of Fame.

                Sadly, on February 28, 2021, a fire broke out at the restaurant, but thanks to the quick response of firefighters, they managed to keep the flames restricted to the pit area. Determined to bounce back, owner James Harold Jones successfully raised funds for the rebuilding effort. The restaurant celebrated its grand reopening on July 14, 2021.

                Located at 219 West Louisiana Street in Marianna, Jones Bar-B-Q Diner is more than just a dining spot; it’s a piece of Arkansas history that’s alive and well. Despite its well-earned reputation, it’s a cozy, no-frills establishment where the focus is squarely on delicious food and a friendly atmosphere. The restaurant shuts its doors when the meat is no longer available, which can happen as early as 11:00 a.m. on busy days. Many patrons start arriving by 7:00 a.m. to secure their barbecue fix.

                For anyone eager to savor genuine Southern barbecue in its most authentic form, a visit to Jones Bar-B-Q Diner in Marianna is a must. With a rich heritage spanning over a century and acclaim that reaches far beyond our state’s borders, this restaurant truly showcases the enduring values of tradition, family, and outstanding cuisine.

Central High School National Historic Site

                Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site serves as a powerful reminder of the struggles faced during the Civil Rights Movement. Located in Little Rock (Pulaski County), this historic site commemorates the "Little Rock Nine," the group of black students who, in 1957, broke barriers by becoming the first to integrate Central High School. This moment was crucial in the ongoing fight for racial equality in the United States.

                To fully appreciate the significance of what took place at Little Rock Central High School, it's important to consider the backdrop of the landmark 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. This ruling declared that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, asserting that "separate but equal" was inherently flawed. Despite this decisive verdict, many Southern states, including Arkansas, resisted the integration process, leading to intense struggles for civil rights on both local and national levels.

                In the summer of 1957, the Little Rock school board made the pivotal decision to start integrating Central High School. This move faced harsh opposition from segregationists within the community, as well as a stand from Arkansas Governor Orval E. Faubus, who sought to block any black students from entering the previously all-white institution.

                On September 4, 1957, nine black students—Ernest Green, Elizabeth Eckford, Melba Pattillo, Minnijean Brown, Gloria Ray, Carlotta Walls, Jefferson Thomas, Terrence Roberts, and Thelma Mothershed—attempted to enter Central High for the very first time. They were met with a hostile crowd of white protesters, who hurled insults and even objects at them. Tensions escalated quickly, and the Arkansas National Guard, summoned by Gov. Faubus, barred the students from entering the school.

                In response to this injustice, President Dwight D. Eisenhower stepped in, dispatching federal troops to Little Rock to ensure the safety of the students and uphold the Supreme Court's ruling. On September 25, 1957, the Little Rock Nine made their entrance into the school, accompanied by 1,000 U.S. Army soldiers for protection. Throughout that school year, these students faced ongoing harassment, isolation, and violence, yet they remained resolute in their quest for education and equality. 

                In recognition of Little Rock Central High School's critical role in the fight for civil rights, the site was designated as a National Historic Site in 1998 by the Department of the Interior. The Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site now stands to honor the legacy of the Little Rock Nine and to educate the public about the significance of this important chapter in American history.

                The historic site features several significant locations, including the central school building, the visitor center, and the area where the Arkansas National Guard stood against integration. The visitor center, located in a former auto showroom, boasts exhibits, videos, and interactive displays that bring to life the events of 1957 and the ongoing fight for civil rights. Guests can delve into the personal journeys of the Little Rock Nine, exploring their struggles and their unwavering determination to alter the trajectory of American history.

                In addition to commemorating the past, the Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site plays an essential role in current conversations about civil rights, racial dynamics, and education in the United States.

                The site frequently hosts educational initiatives, community gatherings, and discussions aimed at engaging the public and ensuring that the lessons learned from the Little Rock Nine resonate with future generations. It also invites visitors to contemplate the strides made toward equality while acknowledging the work still needed to guarantee equal opportunities for all Americans, regardless of their background.

                The Little Rock Central High School National Historic Site stands as a vibrant tribute to the sacrifices of the Little Rock Nine and the ongoing journey to fulfill the principles of equality and justice for everyone.

Dryden Pottery

                Hot Springs (Garland County) is known for its natural beauty, which extends to its arts scene. The historic downtown area has art galleries, studios, and public art installations that showcase the work of local artists. The proximity to Hot Springs National Park inspires many artists, drawing on the area's natural beauty and historical significance. One of the remarkable establishments preserving a centuries-old art form is Dryden Pottery, found on Whittington Avenue in the beautiful Spa City.

                Dryden Pottery was established by James “Jim” Dryden in Kansas before relocating to Hot Springs in 1956. Over the years, it has garnered a reputation as a collectible brand and has been featured in Schroeder’s Antique Guide.

                Born the son of a successful hardware merchant in Ellsworth, Kansas, Dryden spent his formative years working alongside his father. After serving in the South Pacific during World War II, he returned home searching for a job. Despite his passion for art, particularly cartooning, he realized it wasn’t a viable path to support his family. A fortuitous encounter with the renowned ceramicist Norman Plumber sparked an innovative idea that merged his artistic inclinations with pottery production. This led him to the University of Kansas, where he studied ceramics under the guidance of Sheldon Carey. After navigating numerous challenges in a short time, Dryden Pottery was officially launched in Ellsworth, with its inaugural sales taking place in his father’s Dryden Hardware store in 1946.

               To grow his business, Dryden employed a range of inventive sales strategies. From creating personalized pottery for customers to organizing pottery contests for children, he understood the importance of engaging the community. He also made headlines with a series of cartoon advertisements featuring local materials, distinctive labels on each piece, pottery tours, and even a rattlesnake attraction alongside complimentary ice water. His vibrant handmade pottery quickly found markets across the United States, but Dryden yearned for a busier location. After conducting an extensive survey of potential sites nationwide, he ultimately chose Hot Springs for its abundant raw materials and high number of hotel rooms per capita. In 1956, he moved his family and the kilns, startup materials, and plaster molds to this bustling community.

                Dryden discovered clay in nearby Malvern (Hot Spring County), perfect for brickmaking, and obtained permission to excavate there. Talc sourced from Bryant (Saline County) and quartz from the Ouachita Mountains became essential for his pottery glazes. His customer base primarily included tourists flocking to Hot Springs National Park, Oaklawn Racing Casino Resort, and other area attractions.

                He found a warm welcome in the Hot Springs business scene, acquiring property at 341 Whittington Avenue, conveniently located near the national park. Dryden implemented his successful business strategies from Kansas, emphasizing long hours and innovative marketing tactics—like playful cartoon character imagery—to entice visitors to his factory. Guests were invited to observe skilled craftsmen at work before browsing in the showroom. He utilized a high-speed dental drill for personalizing pre-fired pottery before glazing and final firing, creating unique souvenirs that took time but offered great appeal. The spacious showroom attracted shoppers, with bus tours providing free factory walkthroughs, where employees explained the transformation from raw materials to finished pieces.

                Over the years, Dryden Pottery evolved significantly. Additions to the buildings and the installation of high-capacity kilns marked a turning point. The focus gradually shifted from molded and poured clay to predominantly wheel-thrown pottery. Dryden’s son, James K. (“Kimbo”), along with many employees, mastered the art of wheel-making. Thrown pottery pieces prominently featured the potter’s initials, the production date, and a distinctive Dryden logo decal. Each potter developed a unique style, with artistry flourished through local decorators who enhanced some pieces with clay relief designs and painted glaze motifs. Dryden often collaborated with his son, adding his characteristic cartoon fish motif to some of the thrown pots.

                Dryden Pottery has proudly thrived through three generations of family craftsmanship. Today, Kimbo Dryden’s sons, Zack and Cheyenne, contribute their artistic flair, expanding the collection with exquisite porcelain pieces, intricate glasswork, sparkling crystal glazing, and a selection of unique Raku pots.

                Free demonstrations on the potter's wheel happen Monday through Friday at 10 AM and 11 AM, with sessions available throughout the day on Saturdays. For more details about Dryden Pottery or to shop their products online, check out www.DrydenPottery.com.

Withrow Springs State Park

            One of my favorite state parks in Arkansas is the 786-acre Withrow Springs State Park in Madison County. The park offers a serene escape for campers and RV travelers, surrounded by lush forests, deep valleys, the limestone bluffs of War Eagle Creek, and the magnificent Ozark Mountains. Visitors can hike scenic dogwood trails, float down the Withrow Spring, and catch glimpses of foxes, bobcats, groundhogs, and river otters.

            Named after Richard Withrow, who established the region's first grist mill, the park features a campground with sites for tents and RVs up to 40 feet long. Outdoor enthusiasts can spend their days exploring over three miles of hiking trails, fishing for bass in the river, or searching for the rare Ozark trillium orchids.

            Withrow Springs State Park accommodates both traditional campers and RVs, with 29 full hookup sites featuring water, electricity, and sewer connections, as well as 10 primitive walk-in campsites. All sites include a picnic table and fire pit, and campers have access to modern bathhouses and a dump station. Note that cell phone reception is unavailable in the park.

            For added convenience, the park offers a variety of amenities, including a children's playground, a gift shop, a picnic area, canoe rentals, and a shop that sells snacks, ice, and firewood. There’s also a crossbow range, tennis courts, volleyball nets, a fishing pond, and baseball and softball fields (with guests required to bring their equipment).

            Fishing is a popular activity at Withrow Springs State Park, which is open to both day visitors and campers. Anglers can enjoy river fishing for catfish, bream, perch, and bass in the creek, or try their luck for rainbow trout in the park’s small fishing pond, which is stocked seasonally. The pond is also used for the annual fishing derby held every June.

            Hikers will find plenty to explore, with over three miles of trails winding through the park. The one-mile War Eagle Trail runs along the river, passing rock formations and even a cave. The easy three-quarter-mile Dogwood Nature Trail takes about an hour to complete and is especially scenic in the spring when the dogwood trees are in bloom. The longer, one-and-a-quarter-mile Forest Trail offers a more challenging hike and is great for wildlife watching as it follows an old roadway along the park’s western edge.

            In addition to its hiking trails, the park is home to diverse wildlife. Deer, foxes, wild turkeys, groundhogs, bobcats, and river otters can often be spotted, while birdwatchers may have the chance to see eagles in the winter months.

            For water lovers, Withrow Spring provides opportunities for canoeing and kayaking. The visitor center rents out canoes, kayaks, and life jackets, with a put-in and haul-out service available (reservations are required). Alternatively, visitors can relax by the large swimming pool during the summer, from Memorial Day through Labor Day.

            Located on Arkansas Highway 23, just five miles north of Huntsville, Withrow Springs State Park is easily accessible for visitors. However, those traveling with large rigs should avoid heading north on AR23 from I-40 due to challenging mountain grades and tight curves. The park’s interior roads are mostly paved, with a few short unpaved sections. Trailhead parking areas are available for day visitors, and large rigs can be parked at the campground for overnight stays.

    If you're planning a visit to the park soon, there are a couple of important updates to keep in mind. The day-use area at Withrow Springs State Park is currently closed while a new playground is installed and flood damage is repaired. However, all other areas of the park remain accessible. Also, the bathhouse and restrooms in the camping area will be closed for construction from Monday, April 7, to Thursday, April 10. 

    For additional details about Withrow Springs State Park, feel free to reach out to the visitor center at (479) 559-2593 or visit their website at https://www.arkansasstateparks.com/parks/withrow-springs-state-park.

    Although Withrow Springs might not be as well-known as more famous state parks like Crater of Diamonds and Petit Jean, it truly deserves a spot on your itinerary when exploring the Natural State.

Dollarway Road

                

                In Arkansas, you'll find an array of unique roads with names that stand out from the norm. Take Acorn Kid Loop in Conway (Faulkner County) and Wuthering Heights Lane in Texarkana (Miller County) for instance—not your typical road names! There’s also the curious Damerham Road in Bella Vista (Benton County); really, what's up with the aversion to a woman’s ham? Many of these streets honor the families that were among the first to settle in the area, like Kiehl Avenue in my hometown of Sherwood (Pulaski County). Others weave tales of local legends and history, such as Dollarway Road in Jefferson County.

                Dollarway Road boasts not only a unique name but also serves as a testament to Arkansas's early efforts in automobile road construction during the early 1900s. The road got its name from the costs associated with its construction, which we'll explore shortly. Once finished, Dollarway Road earned the title of the longest continuous concrete pavement in the country and helped to pave the way for Arkansas’s adoption of reinforced concrete in bridge building.

        In 1896, Arkansas’s Good Road Movement sprang into action, largely driven by the enthusiasm of local bicyclists. This energy led to the establishment of the Good Roads League of Arkansas. The main goal during this era was to improve road conditions and secure necessary funding for various road projects. By 1907, the state legislature had created road improvement districts—locally managed entities that had the power to determine road placements and financing. Among them, Road Improvement District No. 4 took charge of the Dollarway project.

                It's said that the Dollarway got its name from the original construction cost of one dollar per linear foot. However, the actual expense clocked in closer to $1.36 per foot. In July 1913, Little Rock contractors Shelby & Bateman were chosen to build a nearly twenty-three-mile stretch running from Pine Bluff to the Jefferson County line. Property owners along this route were expected to contribute to the construction costs, which sparked some dissent; yet, the issue was resolved amicably, as the individual assessment turned out to be quite manageable.

                For the nearly nine-foot-wide road, concrete with a bituminous coating was chosen as the material. The design also featured four reinforced concrete bridges. The contractor concluded that concrete was a more cost-effective solution and more durable than the traditional packed stone paving, known locally as “macadam.” Construction kicked off in November 1913 and completed in October 1914.

        The system for improving roads in the Dollarway Road area was implemented, but it didn’t quite work as intended. In 1913, the Arkansas Highway Commission discovered numerous problems with this district system, particularly pointing out a lack of oversight and inadequate personnel training. By 1915, the commission faced a range of difficulties, including allegations of power abuse. That same year, the state legislature enacted the Alexander Road Law, allowing residents along specific routes to set up road improvement districts. This legislative change, combined with the Federal Aid Road Act of 1916—designed to enhance post roads—led to the establishment of around 500 road improvement districts across Arkansas by 1921. A subsequent Federal Aid Road Act introduced in 1921 mandated that state highway departments oversee all road construction projects to address ongoing issues. It wasn’t until the Martineau Road Act of 1927 that the responsibility for funding road construction shifted from property owners to actual road users.

        There are no signs to mark Dollarway Road, though you can still spot some remnants of the original route, mainly swallowed up by the modern Highway 365. A portion of the road near Redfield was recognized for its historical significance and added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 17, 1974. The nomination was expanded in July 1999 to include a segment of Dollarway Road that remains functional today as Reynolds Road. This stretch also features two original concrete bridges from the Dollarway era.

Arkansas's First Fast Food Chain

                As a child, dining out was a regular part of our family routine. I’m unsure whether it was because my parents disliked cooking a lot or enjoyed trying different places. Still, we often found ourselves at spots like Western Sizzlin’, Mexico Chiquito, and Bonanza at least two to three times each week. One of our frequent haunts was Minute Man, located at the intersection of John F. Kennedy Blvd. and North Hills Blvd. in North Little Rock (Pulaski County). Back then, I had no idea about the history of Minute Man and how it all began here in Arkansas; all I knew was that I loved their food.

                Minute Man was founded by Little Rock (Pulaski County) native, Wes Hall. Graduating from Little Rock High School in 1933, Hall had deep roots in the food industry throughout his early career. He began working at Food Palace, the first supermarket in Little Rock, from 1933 to 1936. During this period, he also pursued part-time studies in accounting at Draughon Business College. From 1936 until 1942, Hall was employed by Kraft Food Co. His service in the U.S. Army infantry took him to the Pacific Theater for seven months during World War II. Hall was called back to active duty from 1951 to 1952, where he managed mess halls for the Quartermaster Corps at Fort Chaffee in Fort Smith (Sebastian County) and Camp Crowder in Missouri. In addition, he worked for Lido Enterprises, a cafeteria and restaurant business.

                The first Minute Man restaurant opened on May 26, 1948, at 407 Broadway in Little Rock, starting as a 24-hour coffee shop. Initially, Hall teamed up with three partners: Alton Barnett, Oliver Harper, and Walter Oathout. By 1956, Hall took over their shares, turning the flagship location into a highly successful fast-food establishment. At its height in the 1960s and 1970s, Minute Man thrived with fifty-seven locations throughout Arkansas and seven surrounding states. Unfortunately, by the early 2000s, just one location remained open in El Dorado (Union County). 

                Hall proudly asserted that Minute Man was a trailblazer in various fast-food innovations. In 1948, the Raytheon Company rolled out a test for three experimental “RadaRange” microwave ovens in restaurants across the country, and fortunately, Hall's establishment was among the selected few. This initiative showcased the chain's early embrace of microwave technology in the dining scene. One of the standout items prepared in these ovens was the Radar Deep Dish Pie, a dessert that left a lasting, albeit painful, memory for many in Arkansas due to its knack for scorching the roof of the mouth. Minute Man also gained a reputation for its “real charcoal-broiled hamburgers,” and introduced a gourmet burger featuring a double meat patty and a variety of toppings—an entire year before industry leader, McDonald's, launched their Big Mac.

                Hall’s marketing strategies were indeed revolutionary. In the mid-1970s, Minute Man became the pioneer in the fast-food industry by offering customers a complimentary glass as part of a Coca-Cola promotion. It also rolled out the “Magic Meal,” a special meal for kids, which caught the attention of Burger King. Burger King acquired the rights from Hall to use the concept from 1982 to 1983. Later, Hall sold the rights to the slogan "old-fashioned hamburgers" to Wendy's.

                In 2018, Linda McGoogan, who owned the Minute Man brand, and owner of the last remaining Minute Man in El Dorado, partnered with Perry Smith, an Arkansas native and founder of Matchbox Food Group, to revive Minute Man. They opened a new location in Jacksonville (Pulaski County) on September 11, 2020. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they launched a food truck in downtown Little Rock in January 2021, and at one point, they were operating three food trucks simultaneously. Unfortunately, by early June 2022, the Jacksonville location closed, followed by the El Dorado restaurant shutting down in August 2024. The three food trucks also ceased operations.

                Minute Man, famous for its charbroiled hamburgers and rich, deep-dish RadaRange pies, will always have a cherished spot in the hearts of many Arkansans, like myself, who savored these favorites throughout the years.

The Ghost Town of Graysonia

                Throughout its 188-year history, Arkansas has witnessed its share of boomtowns—communities that emerged almost overnight due to the discovery of valuable natural resources or their strategic locations along major rivers and popular trade routes. From Zinc (Boone County) to Davidsonville (Randolph County) the state has been home to several towns that rapidly transitioned from vibrant centers of activity to ghost towns within just a few years. A lesser-known example of this phenomenon is Graysonia, which was located in southern Arkansas and is no longer found on area maps.

                Graysonia (Clark County) emerged as one of many mill towns in southern Arkansas during the twentieth century, fueled by the burgeoning timber industry in the region. At its height, Graysonia boasted one of the largest mills in the South, along with a vibrant community, though today, little of its former presence remains.

                In 1902, William Grayson and Nelson McLeod became key shareholders of the Arkadelphia Lumber Company. By 1907, the company relocated to a site near the Antoine River, as their previous location couldn't support the necessary resources for continued operation. The new community was named Graysonia in tribute to the company president, William Grayson.

                The mill in Graysonia thrived, largely due to the surging demand for lumber during World War I, with its most prosperous years falling between 1915 and 1920. More than 500 workers contributed to the impressive daily output of 150,000 board feet, far exceeding the 25,000 board feet produced by the mill in nearby Mauldin (Montgomery County) at full capacity.

                Graysonia was home to 350 residents at its inception, and its population more than doubled during its peak. Unlike many other company towns in Arkansas, Graysonia was unique because it incorporated and held elections for its government officials. Alongside a large commissary, the town featured amenities like a confectionary, a movie theater, three hotels, a school, and a church. It also boasted a modern water system and electric services.

                In 1924, the Bemis family became part of the Ozan-Grayson Lumber Company, which marked a new chapter for the business. The Bemises, who managed other local mills, brought their expertise and resources, leading to five prosperous years of lumber production.

                However, Graysonia faced challenges primarily from the lumber industry's "cut and move" approach, which involved harvesting timber and relocating operations to areas with better resources. This strategy was a significant factor contributing to the town's decline, but not the only one.

                The arrival of the Great Depression in 1929 had a devastating impact. While the mill at Graysonia managed to survive for a time, by 1931, the weight of the economic downturn and dwindling timber resources became insurmountable. The planer mill continued by utilizing stored lumber for a while, and there were discussions about running several smaller mills for production. Unfortunately, as financial conditions worsened, the mill ultimately shut down.

                In 1930, the discovery of cinnabar, the ore used to extract mercury, in southwest Arkansas offered a glimmer of hope. Mill workers were encouraged to remain in Graysonia and join the Arkansas Quicksilver Company. Sadly, the mining of cinnabar soon began to decline, driving residents to leave searching for employment elsewhere, either in different mills or mines. The once-thriving town became increasingly deserted. The directors of Ozan-Grayson informed stockholders that the land had lost its value and was no longer a viable tax investment. Consequently, the Bemis family opted to sell 10,000 acres to the McMillan family, timberland traders from Arkadelphia. The remaining 50,000 acres were utilized to establish a new mill in Glen Campbell’s hometown of Delight (Pike County) in 1937, incorporating equipment salvaged from the Graysonia mill.

                In November 1950, the Graysonia post office officially closed and its mail was redirected to nearby Alpine (Clark County). That same year, the U.S. Census recorded Graysonia’s population as zero.

                Today, there’s not much left of Graysonia. Those who venture out might come across a few remnants of old foundations, some scattered bricks, and bits of the mill machinery. The thick forest has overtaken much of the landscape, becoming a hidden gem for adventurous souls ready to explore.

The Modern Era History of Jacksonville

        

                In last week’s column, I explored the early history of one of my hometowns, Jacksonville. This week, let’s dive into the modern history of this significant city in northern Pulaski County.

                Following the attack on Pearl Harbor and America’s entry into World War II, the Arkansas Gazette reported on June 5, 1941, that a fuse and detonator plant—known as the Arkansas Ordnance Plant —was set to be established in Jacksonville. The federal government seized the nearby land through condemnation proceedings, rapidly increasing Jacksonville’s population. The plant operated from 1942 until the war’s end in 1945.

                The establishment of the ordnance plant prompted Jacksonville's official incorporation on September 6, 1941. John Bailey became the city’s first elected mayor, and one of the new mayor and city council’s priorities was to build a sewer and water system.

                After the ordnance plant closed its doors in 1945, several of the vacant buildings were acquired or leased by businesses, setting Jacksonville on a path toward a more industrial economy. In November 1947, the Arkansas Association for Crippled Children opened the Children’s Convalescent Center in the former ordnance plant’s hospital building. This center later relocated to Little Rock (Pulaski County) and eventually transformed into Arkansas Children’s Hospital.

                Jacksonville State Bank (now known as First Arkansas Bank & Trust) was formed in 1949, with Kenneth P. Wilson leading the way as president for many years. By 1951, Wilson and fellow community leaders began discussions with the U.S. Air Force about establishing an air base in central Arkansas. The residents of Pulaski County rallied together, raising funds and acquiring land near Jacksonville to contribute to the creation of Little Rock Air Force Base, which officially opened on October 9, 1955. The air base is located on 6,412 acres within Jacksonville’s city limits. Since it began operations in 1955, the base has played a vital role in boosting the local economy and supporting community growth. Notably, Little Rock Air Force Base holds the distinction of being the world’s largest C-130 base.

                After the Arkansas Ordnance Plant closed, Jacksonville’s population fell to 2,474 in 1950. However, the arrival of the Little Rock Air Force Base sparked a population increase, and growth has continued since then. While many residents commute to Little Rock for work, Jacksonville also offers a variety of job opportunities, especially at the air base. In the 1990s, the city invested in its infrastructure by constructing a new city hall and community center with an indoor pool, where my 83-year-old mom participates in water aerobics three times a week.

                In May 2005, the Jacksonville Museum of Military History opened its doors with a vital mission: to shed light on the significant contributions of both the civilian workforce and the military in various historical and ongoing conflicts. The museum sustains itself through a mix of private donations, grants, and support from the Jacksonville Advertising & Promotions Commission. It is proudly located on the grounds of the Arkansas Ordnance Plant administration building. 

                In front of the museum stands an Arkansas Ordnance Plant guard house, which was honored by being added to the National Register of Historic Places in September 2006. The museum also features a poignant memorial dedicated to the workers who lost their lives in the 1965 Titan II missile accident near Searcy (White County). This memorial bears the names of all 53 individuals who tragically died in the explosion, including my uncle, James Harvey.

                The Jacksonville-North Pulaski School District officially began on July 1, 2016, following a substantial reorganization of the Pulaski County Special School District. This shift was prompted by a 2014 referendum in which the residents of Jacksonville voted in favor of establishing an independent school district. The district operates seven schools and serves approximately 4,000 pre-k through twelfth-grade students in Jacksonville and the surrounding area. 

                Jacksonville has seen many changes throughout its history, yet it remains a vital part of central Arkansas’ economy and cultural narrative. As the hometown of my parents and my high school alma mater, Jacksonville will forever have a special place in my heart.

The Early History of Jacksonville

 

                Jacksonville (Pulaski County) holds a special place in my heart. It’s where I graduated from North Pulaski High School (“Home of the Falcons”), which was later merged into Jacksonville High School and demolished in 2024. I spent a couple of years living there after high school, and my parents still call it home. While Jacksonville is arguably best known for being the home of the Little Rock Air Force Base, the city has a rich history that goes far beyond this well-known military installation.

                The first settlers known to have moved into the area that became Jacksonville were two Revolutionary War veterans, Jacob Gray, Sr. and his brother, Shared. Originally from Williamson County, Tennessee, the brothers established their home in a location northeast of where Daniels Ferry Road intersects with Bayou Meto Creek, roughly twelve miles northeast of Little Rock (Pulaski County). In the winter of 1820–21, some family members and their slaves arrived, followed by the rest of their family in the spring of 1821. The Grays quickly set up a thriving community, planting crops and cultivating cotton.

                In 1824, Congress allocated funds for surveying a road from Memphis to Little Rock. This survey identified a route that passed by the Gray settlement, connecting to Daniels Ferry Road just north of Bayou Meto. Samson Gray, Jacob Gray Jr.'s son, and leader of the settlement, agreed to construct the road from the Bayou of the Two Prairies to Little Rock, including building bridges over both the Bayou of the Two Prairies and Bayou Meto Creek. By 1827, the small settlement had emerged as a popular stop for travelers.

                When Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, the Memphis to Little Rock Road became a crucial travel route for the removal of several tribes. Many of these removal parties passed by the Gray settlement, where Samson Gray provided them with rations. Throughout the 1830s, other settlers like Reddrick Eason and Pleasant McCraw arrived in the area, establishing themselves along the road east of the Gray settlement. 

                During the July 1838 session of the Pulaski County court, Thomas Gray, brother of Samson Gray, submitted a request to construct a toll bridge over Bayou Meto Creek to replace the original bridge. Permission was granted to Gray, however, in October 1838, Gray sold the charter to John H. Reed, who completed the bridge in 1839. As a result, the bridge became known as Reed’s Bridge.

                In August 1863, in the midst of the Civil War, Union forces began their advance along the Memphis to Little Rock Road, moving from Brownsville (Lonoke County) toward Little Rock. On August 27, during the Battle of Reed’s Bridge, Confederate soldiers were compelled to retreat towards Arkansas’ capital city. In their withdrawal, the rebels set fire to Reed’s Bridge to slow down the Union forces' pursuit.

                After the war’s end, Nicholas Jackson settled in Gray Township and acquired land along a planned railroad route. In June 1870, he sold a prime piece of property to the Cairo and Fulton Railroad, with the stipulation a depot be built next to his land. This led Jackson to lay out the plans for a new town, which he named Jackson. A post office was established on August 7, 1871, with Jackson serving as its first postmaster. In the decades to come, more families settled in Jacksonville.

                By 1941, Jacksonville’s population was around 400. At that time, it lacked essential services like natural gas, streetlights, and a proper water and sewer system. The community was connected by a telephone switchboard, and electricity was supplied to residents via a branch line from Arkansas Power & Light. Notably, Gov. Homer Adkins, who guided the state through the challenging years of World War II, was originally from Jacksonville. 

                In next week’s column, I’ll explore the modern history of Jacksonville, highlighting the establishment of the Little Rock Air Force Base and First Jacksonville Bank & Trust (now First Arkansas Bank & Trust). These two institutions have played a crucial role in shaping Jacksonville into the thriving community it is today.

My Alma Mater: Central Baptist College

            

            I attended a small private college in Arkansas that many people I’ve encountered over the years have never heard of. It’s called Central Baptist College, and it’s tucked away in Conway (Faulkner County). Despite being in a city known as the “City of Colleges,” it doesn’t have the same recognition as the other two institutions there: the University of Central Arkansas (UCA) and Hendrix College. 

            Central Baptist College was established in 1952 in Conway, taking its roots from the previous Central College for Women. Initially named Central College for Christian Workers, it was initiated as part of the North American Baptist Association's educational ministry, later known as the Baptist Missionary Association of Arkansas. The college started as an extension of Jacksonville College in Texas, utilizing facilities at Temple Baptist Church in Little Rock. However, the denomination soon acquired an eleven-acre, picturesque property in the center of Conway, formerly belonging to the Central College for Women, for $85,000. To prevent any confusion with the previous girls’ seminary, the college rebranded itself as Conway Baptist College, before adopting the name Central Baptist College a decade later.

            Doss N. Jackson was appointed as the first president of the institution, regarded by many in the denomination as uniquely qualified to ensure its success. Leaders believed Jackson’s reputation would significantly aid his fundraising efforts, which they regarded as a critical aspect of his role. Unfortunately, his presidency was short-lived, as he faced backlash for falling short in fundraising necessary for debt service, operational costs, and expansion needs. The board grew increasingly concerned as they witnessed a nearly $10,000 drop in revenue from 1952 to 1953. Facing internal dissent and criticism, Jackson decided to resign during the board meeting in March 1954, with Abner Reddin stepping in as his successor in June of that year.

            During its first three decades, Central Baptist College faced tough challenges. The college found itself competing with local and international missionary efforts for financial support from a small and struggling denomination, with some members advocating for funds to support missions instead of higher education. As a result, the financial situation was often precarious. It wasn't until Charles Attebery became president from 1990 to 2004 that the school began to stabilize its finances. Attebery secured the largest single donation in the school's history at that point, eliminated the college's debt, developed a comprehensive master plan for the institution, and initiated several significant capital campaigns to fund construction projects and ensure financial stability.

            Central Baptist College was recognized by the Arkansas Department of Education until 1962, when the board of trustees recommended joining the American Association of Junior Colleges. Acknowledging the importance of specialized and regional accreditation for academic standing, the college became an applicant of the Accrediting Association of Bible in 1972, and achieved full accreditation in 1977. In 1993, it also secured membership with the North Central Higher Learning Commission, and it is a member of Arkansas’ Independent Colleges and Universities.

            Founded to support Arkansas Baptists in fulfilling vocational roles within their churches, Central Baptist College continues to build its educational framework on a strong biblical foundation. Alongside degree plans focused on vocational ministry, the college offers associate and bachelor’s degrees in areas such as general education, business, music, and social services, as well as an adult degree completion program tailored for working professionals. Although the goal was to enroll 500 students by the year 2000, that milestone was achieved in 2006, and by 2007, the college employed fifty-eight full- and part-time faculty members. The completion of the impressive 38,000-square-foot David T. Watkins Academic Building in 2012 marked a significant development for the institution, which competes in the Midlands Collegiate Athletic Conference.

            Reflecting on my experience at Central Baptist College fills me with appreciation for the incredible professors (most notably Dr. Joel Slayton) and the lasting friendships I've built with my classmates, many of whom are still dear friends today. Those four years truly stand out as some of the most valued moments of my life. My time at Central Baptist showed me that sometimes the most memorable experiences occur in places that aren’t widely known.